Internal-combustion engine.



A. S. KROTZ. INTERNAL ooMBUsTloN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED TEB.19, 1910.

Patented Feb. 6, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 1.

A. s/KRoTz. y vINTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE. u

APPLICATION FILED PEBJQ, 1910.

Patnted Feb. 6, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ALVARO S. ICR-DTZ, F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTIQN ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 19, 1910. Serial No.v 544,849.

To all whom t may concern.' c

Be it known that I, ALvARo S. KRoTz,-'a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inInternal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in internal combustionengines and the means for positively introducing the explosive chargesof mixed air and vapor into the explosion chambers of thesame. And

` the presentv improvement has for its object to provide a simple andencient pumping mechanism operating in unison with the engine andadapted to positively introduce successive charges of mlxed air andvapor into the explos'ion chamber of the engine during the continuedoperation ofthe same,

. allas will hereinafter more fully appear.

' tional elevationvof the fuel feeding pump.

Similar numerals. of reference indicate like parts in the several views.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents the engine cylinder preferablyof the air vcooled type; 2 the chambered or skirted piston, and 3 theusual closed casing to which one end of the cylinder is secured in theusual manner. Such casing is provided with the usual bearings for thecrank shaft and for other usual mechanisms of the engine. y

4 is the exhaust neck or passageof the cylinder 1, having communicationwith the interior of said cylinder at a point 4which is only uncoveredby the piston 2 when the same is at the end of it-s outward stroke.

`5 is an exhaust pipe extending from the aforesaid neck 4 and preferablyconnected to the air heater hereinafter described. l

6 is a transverse ridge or projection on the inner and closed head ofthe skirted piston 2. Said ridge is of an angular form with its verticalwall next adjacent to the hereinafter described air inlet passage in theWall of the cylinder 1 -a-nd with its inclined portion sloping towardthe. aforesaid exhaust neck 4, as shown, the formation being adapted tomaterially aid in the removal of the exploded charge from the cylinderby means hereinafter described.

7 is a longitudinal passage formed in a side of the cylinder 1 oppositeto the exhaust neck l4, aforesaid. One end of said passage communicateswith the interior of the cylinder on a plane with thesaid -ex'- rammedFeb. e, 1912.

haustneck 4, while its other end is adapted tov register with a port 8formed in the skirt of the piston 2, so that when said port and passageare in register the passage will form a communication between therespective chamber of the cylinder 1 and casing 3afo-resaid. i

9 is a. curved deflecting plate arranged in one side of the chamber'ofthe piston 2, and immediately in front of the port 8 thereof. Saiddeiiecting plate is adapted to cause an indirect and very effectivecirculation of the air in the interior of the piston as said air passesfrom the casing 3 into the explosive chamber of the cylinder 1, to aidmaterially in carrying off `the heat accumulating, in said piston duringa continued operation ofthe engine.

10 is a crank shaftv journaled in the casing 3, and having a pitmanconnection 11 with the engine piston 2, as usual.y

l 12 is a disk valve member ixedly secured to the crankshaft 10 andhavi'ng a seat or bearing against an end of the casing 3. Said valvemember is formed with a segmental slot or port 13, adapted at properintervals in its travel in a circular path to register with an air inletpassage 14 in the casing 8, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

15 is a countershaft journaled on the casing 3, and having operativeconnection with the crank shaft 10, by a pair of gear wheels 16 and 17,having proportionate diameters of one to two asl illustrated in Fig. 1.

18 is a spark'plug, the energizing electric current towhich iscontrolled by the move- -ment'of the engine in the usual manner.

fuel piston chamber arranged in parallel- 25 is a cross-head connectingthe two pis tons together to impose simultaneous movement upon the same.

26 is a supply pipe extending from a suitable supply of liquid fuel, andconnected to an inlet port which opens into the liquid fuel pistonchamber aforesaid of the pump midway the length of said chamber, asshown.

27 is a needle or like valve arranged in vthe supply pipe 26 and adaptedto throttle the passage in said pipe to suit varying requirements in thecontinued operation of the engine.

28 is an outlet passage from the end of I the liquid fuel pistonchamber, and containpassage.

ing a check valve 29' intermediate its length. Such passage is of thetortuous form shown in Fig. 3, and its outlet end opens into atransparent walled chamber 30, carried by the pump casing and enablingthe operator to view the ow of liquid fuel froln said 31 is an air inletpipe also opening into said transparent walled chamber 30 in common withthe outlet passage 28 aforesaid. Said inlet pipe is adapted to introducea supply of air from a suitable source, preferably from the preheatingattachment hereinafter describe Y 32 is the ixilet passage of the airand liquid fuel piston chamber aforesaid; said passage opens at one endinto said piston chamber midway its length, and at the other end -opensinto the bottom of the transparent Walled chamber 30, aforesaid. 33 isthe outlet passage from the end of said air and liquid fuel pistonchamber and contains a check valve 34 intermediate its length. Theinclosing wall of said passage is adapted for connection to the upperend of the explosion chamber of the engine as shown inv Fig. 1, andpreferably ending in a discharge nozzle 35 of any usual form.

36 is a casing surrounding a portion of the exhaust pipe 5 of the engineand attached to said pipe by end heads as shown. Near one end saidcasing is provided with a series of inlet orices 37 for `air,and nearthe oppositel end has ,communieation with the air'pipe 31, whichextendstojfthe fuel feeding pump as heretofore described.

The described arrangement of parts is adapted to afford a very durableand efficient preheating attachment for heating the air which issupplied to the fuel feeding pump to aid in vaporizing the liquid fuel.

The operation of the engineproper is as follows: Following anexplosionwithin the engine cylinder 1 the piston 2 moves outward withinsaid cylinder compressing the air contained in the casing 3, and as itreaches its full out stroke uncovers the eX- haust port 4, to permit theescape of the spent gases, and at the same time registers the pistonport 8 with the passage 7 to permit the compressed air in the casing 3to flow into the cylinder 1 and aid in expelling the spent gases. Duringsuch operation the port 13 of the valve member 12 is out of registerwith the air inlet passage 14, so that there is no leakage at suchpoint. With an inward movement of the piston 2, the exhaust port 4 isclosed, as well as the passage 7, i and at the same time the port 13 isbrought into register with the air inlet passage 14 to permit a' freshsupply of air to be drawn into the casing 3, by the piston in its inwardmovement. The above described inward movement of the piston 2,'as wellas the succeeding outward and inward movements of the piston areinactive ones and are attained by the momentum of the engine shaft, flywheel, etc. to effect a scavenger action in the cylinder. The nextsucceeding outward movement of the piston-is an active one in the cycle,and at or before its.commencement the fuel feeding pump has its actionso timed as to inject a supply of fuel into the cylinder. Immediatelysuch fuel injection occurs the spark plug 18 operates to fire thecharge.

The operation of the pumping mechanism by which the fuel is positivelyfo-rced into the engine cylinder is as follows The air and liquid fuelpiston 24, receives an inward and outward movement in its piston chamberby the described connection with the engine shaft 10. The outwardmovement of said piston 24 is adapted to create a' partial vacuum in itspiston chamber until said piston near the end of its outward movementand uncovers the inlet port or passage 32 to permit the mixed air andliquid fuel which is in the chamber 30 to flow into the piston chamberaforesaid and fill the previously existing vacuum in the same. Saidsupply of air and liquid fuel is attained throu h 'the air supplypassage 31,. and the liqui fuel supply passage 28. Coincident with theabove described outward movement of the air and liquid fuel pump piston24, the liquid fuel .plston 23 has an outward movement in its pistonchamber and is adapted to create a. partial vacuum therein, until saidpiston 23 nears the end of its outward movement and uncow ers thevliquidfuel inlet passage or port 26, to permit the liquid fuel from a suitablesource of supply to flow into piston chamber of the piston 23 and fillthe previouslyil chambers for said pistons, an air supply eXistingvacuum in the same. The inward movement of the air and liquid fuel pumppiston 24, in its piston chamber, forces the air and liquid` fuelcontained in said piston chamber past the outlet check valve 34,- andthrough they passage 33 andy discharge nozzle 35, into' the explosionchamber of the engine, and such discharge takes placey at the beforedescribed period in the operation of the engine. Coincident with suchinward movement of the air and liquid fuel piston' 24, the liquid fuelpiston 23 has an'inward movement in its piston chamber, toforce theliquid fuel contents of said chamber past the outlet check valve 29' andthrough the passage 28 into the chamber-30, to provide a supply ofliquid fuel for the succeeding outward stroke of the aforesaid air andliquid' fuel piston24.

Having thus fully described my said invention what I claim as n ewanddesire to l secure vby Letters Patent, 1s:-

passage from the secondary piston chamber and with the inlet passage tothe primary piston chamber, a liquid fuel pipe connected with the inletport of the secondary piston chamber, and an outlet casing havingconnection with the outlet `port of the primary piston chamber and withthe explosion chamber of ther engine, and means for im partingreciprocation to said pistons, substantially as set forth. 2. A combinedfuel and air feedinglpm for internal combustion engines comprising, aprimary and secondary piston connected for simultaneous reciprocation, ap ump cas ing formed with primary and Secondary piston chambers for saidpistons, an air supply pipe having connection with the outlet passagefrom the secondary piston chamber and with the inlet passage to theprimary piston chamber, a liquid fuel pipe connected with the inlet portofthe seco-ndary piston chamber, an outlet casing.

having connection with the outlet port of the primary piston chamber andwith the explosion chamberof the engine, means for -preheating the airpassing through Athe aforesaid air supply pipe, and means for impart-'ing reciprocation to said pistons, Substantially as set forth.

3; A combined fuel and air feeding lpump for internal combustion enginescomprising a primary and secondary piston, a crosshead connecting saidpistons together for simultaneous reciprocation, av pump casing formedwith primary andsecondary piston pipe having connection with the outletpassage of the secondary piston chamber and with the -inlet passage tothe'primary piston chamber, a liquid fuel pipevconnected with theinletport of the secondary piston chamber, an outlet casing having connectionwith the outlet port of the primary piston chamber and with theexplosion lchamber of the engine, and means for imparting reciprocationto-said pistons, substantially as described. l

4. A combined fuel and air feeding pump 'for' internal combustionengines comprising afprimary and secondary piston, a crossheadconnecting said pistons together for simultaneous reciprocation, a pumpcasing formed with primary and secondary piston 4chambers for saidpistons, an air `supply pipe having connection with the outlet passageVof the secondary vpiston `chamberand with the inlet passage to theprimary piston chamber, a liquid fuel pipe connected with the inlet portofthe secondary piston chambei,` an outlet casing having connect-ionwith the outlet port of the primary piston chamber and with theexplosion chamber of the engine, means for preheating the airfpassingthrough the aforesaid air supply pipe, and

means for imparting recipro'cation to said pistons, substantially asdescribed. 5. Acombinedsfuel and air feeding pump for internalcombustion engines comprising, a primary and secondary piston connectedfor simultaneous reciprocation, a pump casing formedwith primarylandsecondary piston chambers for said pistons, a chambered casingV carriedbythe pump casing and having connection with an air supply and with the.outlet port of the secondary piston ychambers for said pistons, achambered casing `carried by the pump casing and having connectionl,with an air supply and with the loutlet port of the secondary pistonlchamber and inlet-port of the primary piston chamber, a'liquid fuel'pipe connected with the 'inlet portof the secondary piston chamber,y

any outlet casing having connectionwith the outletv port of the primarypiston chamber and with the 'explosionl chamber of the engine, means forpreheating theair-passing through the aforesaid air supply, and meansfor imparting reciprocation to said pistons, substantially as set forth.l

7. A combined fuel and air feeding pump for internal combustion enginescomprising a primary and secondary piston, acrosshead connecting saidpistons together for simultaneous reciprocation, a pump casing formedwith primary and secondary piston chambers for saidpistons, a chamberedcasing carried by the pump casing and having Vconnection with an airsupply and with the outlet port of the secondary piston chamber andinlet port of the primary piston chamber, a liquid fuel pipe connectedwith the inlet port of the secondary piston chamber, an outlet casinghaving connection with the outlet port of the primary piston chamber andwith the explosion chamber of the engine, and means for impartingreciprocation to said pistons, substantially as set forth.

8. A combined fuel and air feeding pump for internal combustion enginescomprising a primary and secondary piston, a crosshead connecting saidpistons together for simultaneous reciprocation, .a' pump casing formedwith primary and secondary piston"y chambers for said pistons, achambered casing carried by the pump casing and having connection withan air supply and with the outlet port of the secondary piston chamberand inlet port of the primary piston chamber, a liquid fuel pipeconnected with the inlet port of the secondary piston chamber, an outletcasing having connection With the outlet port of the primary pistonchamber and with the explosion chamber of the engme, means forpreheating the lair passing -through the aforesaid air supply, and meansfor imparting reciproca-tion to lsaid pistons,

. `substantially as set forth.

9. A combined fuel and air feeding pump for internal combustion enginescomprising, a primary and secondary piston connected for simultaneousreciprocation,l a pump casing formed with primary and secondary pistonchambers for said pistons, an air supply pipe having connection with theoutlet passage from the secondary piston chamber and with the inletpassage to the primary piston chamber, a liquid fuel pipe connected Withthe inlet port of the secondary piston chamber, an outlet casing havingconnection with the outlet port of the primary piston chamber and withthe explosion chamber of the engine, and means for impartingreciprocation to said pistons, the same comprising a countershaftoperatively connected to the engine shaft, and a cam carried by saidcountershaft and having operative engagement With the primary piston,substantially as set forth.

10. A combined fuel and air feeding pump for internal combustion enginescomprising a primary and secondary piston, a cross-head connecting saidpistons together for simultaneous reciprocation, a pump cas' ing formedwith primary and secondary piston chambers for said pistons, an airsupply pipe having connection With the outlet -passage of the secondarypiston chamber andl with the inlet passage to the primary pistonchamber, a. liquid fuel pipe connected with the inlet port of thesecondary piston chamber, an outlet casing having connection with theoutlet port of the primary piston chamber and with the explosion chamberof the engine, and means yfor imparting reciprocation to said pistons,the same comprising a countershaft operatively connected to the engineshaft, and a cam` carried by said countershaft and having operativeengagement with the primary piston, substantially as set forth.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 15th day 85 ROBERT BURNS, HENRY Mon.

